Command Design Pattern in Java

The command pattern comes under behavioral design pattern. The Command pattern is used to create objects that represent actions and events in an application. In the command pattern, a command interface declares a method for executing a particular action. A command object encapsulates an action or event and contains all information required to understand the action or event. This command object can be used as a parameter to extract information about occurred actions and events.

In the command pattern, the invoker is decoupled from the action performed by the receiver. The invoker invokes a command that executes the appropriate action of the receiver. Hence invoker is unaware of details of the action to be performed.
The command pattern can be used to perform redo/undo functionality.

Class Diagram

Implementation
Create an interface

package com.roytuts.designpattern.command;
public interface Command {
  void execute();
}

Create a class called CutPaste

package com.roytuts.designpattern.command;
public class CutPaste {
  public void redo() {
    System.out.println("Cut/Paste the selected text");
  }
  public void undo() {
    System.out.println("Revert Cut/Paste");
  }
}

Create concrete classes

package com.roytuts.designpattern.command;
public class UndoCutPasteCommand implements Command {
  private CutPaste cutPaste;
  public UndoCutPasteCommand(CutPaste cutPaste) {
    this.cutPaste = cutPaste;
  }
  @Override
  public void execute() {
    cutPaste.undo();
  }
}

package com.roytuts.designpattern.command;
public class RedoCutPasteCommand implements Command {
  private CutPaste cutPaste;
  public RedoCutPasteCommand(CutPaste cutPaste) {
    this.cutPaste = cutPaste;
  }
  @Override
  public void execute() {
    cutPaste.redo();
  }
}

Create invoker class which is a reference to the Command interface to invoke the command.

package com.roytuts.designpattern.command;
public class CommandInvoker {
  private Command command;
  public CommandInvoker(Command command) {
    this.command = command;
  }
  public void invoke() {
    command.execute();
  }
}

Create a test class to test the Command pattern

package com.roytuts.designpattern.command;
public class CommandPatternTest {
  /**
   * @param args
   */
  public static void main(String[] args) {
    CutPaste cutPaste = new CutPaste();
    Command redoCutPasteCommand = new RedoCutPasteCommand(cutPaste);
    Command undoCutPasteCommand = new UndoCutPasteCommand(cutPaste);
    CommandInvoker commandInvoker = new CommandInvoker(undoCutPasteCommand);
    commandInvoker.invoke();
    commandInvoker = new CommandInvoker(redoCutPasteCommand);
    commandInvoker.invoke();
  }
}

Run the above test class and see the below output
Output

Revert Cut/Paste
Cut/Paste the selected text

That’s all. Thanks for your reading.

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